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活力中国调研行丨福建：特色产业“链”上新文旅,活力中国调研行丨福建：特色产业“链”上新文旅_我的网站

一 | 　　科技日报记者沈唯刘莉符晓波李禾　　在安溪，茶叶智能生产线成了热门“观光长廊”；在蕉城，大黄鱼从渔排“游”向餐桌带火一座城；在周宁，多肉大棚也能变成孩子们的研学课堂……一场特色传统产业与新文旅消费场景的深度融合，正在福建多地悄然上演。　　近日，科技日报记者随2026年“活力中国调研行”福建主题采访活动走进八闽大地，探访福建如何依托当地特色产业资源与优势，打破一二三产业壁垒，让传统产业链化身亮丽风景线。

Shipping containers are loaded and unloaded onto ships at the Port of Los Angeles, California, on July 9, 2025. US President Donald Trump has sent letters to multiple countries dictating new US tariff rates on their countries' imports to the USA. Photo: VCG

Shipping containers are loaded and unloaded onto ships at the Port of Los Angeles, California, on July 9, 2025. Photo: VCG
When even major US allies and trading partners are swept into Washington's alleged China-linked transshipment network, is the US still cracking down on its so-called illegal tariff evasion, or is it raising its "small yard, high fence" higher and tighten it further by wielding its tariff stick and extending tariff controls across normal global supply chains?
The White House on Thursday released a report identifying roughly 40 economies as participants in what it calls a "Shadow Transshipment Network", alleging that Chinese goods are being routed through third countries to evade higher US tariffs. The list stretches across Asia, Europe and the Americas and includes some of Washington's closest allies and largest trading partners.
Chinese experts said the report is partly aimed at defending Washington's tariff policy by shifting responsibility for its weakened impact onto other economies, while also pressuring them to follow US trade and origin rules. In effect, the US is trying to extend its unilateral trade restrictions beyond its own borders and deeper into global supply chains, they said.
Build 'higher fence'
The 25-page report claims that US import sourcing saw a "substantial reallocation" after the 2018 tariffs, as China's direct share declined and imports from identified transshipment economies rose. It alleges that some goods were routed through lower-tariff jurisdictions, where minor processing, relabeling, repackaging, re-invoicing or paperwork changes were used to create the appearance of a new national origin.
However, the report itself acknowledges that alleged transshipment risks in several major economies are "embedded within broad legitimate trade flows." It also admitted that the post-2018 shift in US imports "does not establish" that all displaced Chinese trade was illegally transshipped and partly reflected "legitimate changes in production, investment, and sourcing."
False declarations of origin or simple repackaging can amount to tariff circumvention, but investing overseas, building factories abroad or sourcing components across borders are legitimate forms of supply-chain adjustment, experts said.
One purpose of the report is to portray Washington's tariff policy as effective while attributing its diminished impact to the responses of other economies, Zhou Mi, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, told the Global Times.
This allows Washington to shift responsibility onto other economies and put itself in a more favorable position in shaping the narrative around its tariff policy, Zhou said.
Cui Fan, a professor at the University of International Business and Economics, told the Global Times that US rules for determining country of origin are not fully aligned with those used by other economies. The latest move could pressure other countries to adopt US standards, but Cui said such an approach is unlikely to work.
"Countries formulate their rules of origin based on a range of factors, including the scale and technological conditions of their own industries," Cui said. "Industrial structures and the global division of labor cannot be reshaped simply through pressure from one country."
Harmonization of rules of origin - applying the same rules across countries regardless of purpose - "would facilitate the flow of international trade," according to WTO on its website.
It has also warned that misuse of such rules may turn them into "a trade policy instrument" rather than merely a device supporting other trade policy measures, according to WTO.
Washington was pursuing hegemonic politics and unilateral bullying in the economic and trade sphere under the guise of "reciprocity", a spokesperson for China's Ministry of Commerce said when commenting on the US use of tariffs to pressure other countries into restricting economic and trade cooperation with China.
Disrupting global supply chains

Cui said production and trade networks linking China with South Korea, Europe and other economies have taken shape over years of market-driven specialization. By lowering production and logistics costs and improving efficiency, these networks have benefited businesses and consumers across participating economies.
"The real challenge facing global trade today is not so-called illegal transshipment, but the continued damage that unilateralism and trade protectionism are inflicting on the multilateral trading system," Cui added.
Since returning to office, the Trump administration has made tariffs a centerpiece of its trade policy, rolling out sweeping "reciprocal tariffs" and other broad duties that have drawn widespread criticism at home and abroad. On Thursday, Washington announced new Section 232 tariffs on drones and their parts and components, further expanding the range of products subject to US tariffs.
US tariffs have themselves pushed companies to reconfigure supply chains. Washington is now citing those very adjustments as evidence of circumvention, effectively using the market fallout from its own tariff policy to justify further trade restrictions, Chinese experts noted.
International trade is based on mutual benefit, and sovereign countries have the legitimate right to conduct economic and trade cooperation independently, Cui said. "No country should interfere with normal global trade simply to advance its own unilateral interests."
The report broadens its scrutiny beyond routing and documentation to include China-origin inputs or components, Chinese ownership or financing, relationships with Chinese suppliers or manufacturers, China-based production steps and China-origin routing histories.
Analysts believed the latest move is more than simply making the existing "high fence" higher. By trying to bring more economies and a larger portion of global supply chains within the reach of US tariff enforcement, Washington attempted to make the "yard" itself much bigger.
Cui warned that sustained US pressure to reshape normal trade and supply-chain links could fragment mature regional production networks, and reduce the efficiency of global resource allocation, with the impact extending far beyond China-US trade given the wide range of economies named in the report.
Zhou noted that companies would be forced to redesign supply chains to manage rising policy risks, adding costs that could feed back into the US through higher inflation while creating broader frictions and instability for global trade.
。　　一缕茶香引客来　　在安溪八马茶业观光工厂，明亮的玻璃幕墙将智能化生产线变成独特的观景长廊。在这里，游客能见证一片茶叶的“奇幻漂流”。从原料进厂、杀青、揉捻、烘干到成品包装，整条生产线高速运转。静电除杂、红外色选、自动化封装等工序，全部在封闭管道与设备内流转，实现茶叶加工全程不落地、不见尘。　　福建八马茶业有限公司生产部工艺设备处负责人王炳蔚告诉记者，这是全球首条铁观音全程自动化加工生产线。历经6次迭代，生产线实现从纯人工到全自动化，极大保障了茶叶的标准化品质。

二 | 今年“五一”起，这条可视化智能生产线首次全面对外开放，目前园区平均每天游客接待量稳定在300人。　　“以前只知道喝茶好，今天才真正明白好茶是怎么‘智造’出来的。”来自厦门的游客陈先生带着孩子专程前来参观，智能化的制茶现场给孩子上了一堂生动的产业科普课。　　观光工厂的魅力远不止于观看生产线。园区的百茶园汇集多个茶树品种，游客可近距离观察不同茶树的生长形态；茶文化博览馆内，安溪铁观音跨越百年的发展画卷徐徐铺开。　　此外，茶艺体验区、茶叶审评课、定制茶饮吧等相继落地，游客既可实地观察茶树品种，了解铁观音发展历史，也能参与茶艺体验活动，形成集游览、学习、品鉴、消费于一体的文旅链条。

三 | 　　一尾黄鱼游出圈　　走进宁德市官井洋大黄鱼养殖有限公司的养殖渔排，一条条肥美的大黄鱼争相浮上水面。经理宋向国告诉记者，公司从事大黄鱼养殖约30年，近年来，智慧养殖设备的加入改变了以往盲目养鱼的做法，大幅降低了病害发生概率。

四 | 现在，公司已建成从鱼卵孵化、育苗、养殖到冷链加工的全产业链，产品远销海外，产值达十几亿元。　　福建宁德是我国大黄鱼主产区，全国80%的大黄鱼都产自这里。

五 | 2025年，当地大黄鱼总产量达22.24万吨，全产业链总产值突破200亿元。如今，宁德又将大黄鱼产业链从养殖加工延伸到餐饮文旅，走出一条以渔促旅、以旅兴渔的融合之路。　　宁德市大黄鱼产业协会餐饮烹饪专委会执行主任黄子祥介绍，当地通过研发大黄鱼相关产品和菜肴，实现以餐带旅，让游客了解好食材，愿意来当地品尝。

六 | “我们今年已经举办了8场品鉴会，创新了76道大黄鱼菜肴，而且针对不同消费群体开发不同的菜系，既丰富了口味，也给游客提供了更多选择。　　围绕这条鱼的文旅体验不只是在舌尖，宁德还将推出大黄鱼主题旅游路线，从游览大黄鱼主题体验馆，到乘船欣赏海上渔排和渔村风光，再到亲手体验非遗鱼拓技艺，未来游客能全方位感受“中国大黄鱼之都”的魅力。　　宁德渔旅融合的触角也从大黄鱼伸向更广阔的海域。霞浦县海岛乡党委副书记、乡长许晨丹告诉记者，海岛乡正深入挖掘特色民俗文化资源，培育文旅新业态，探索“深远海养殖+海产品加工+文旅体验+研学服务”的融合模式，为传统渔业转型提供了新的实践样板。　　一盆花卉育新景　　24℃是宁德市周宁县盛夏的日均气温。这个温度适合高山冷凉花卉，更适合避暑游人。近年来，周宁浦源镇动起“花卉+文旅”的念头，让传统花卉产业延伸服务链条。　　周宁县城平均海拔800米，是华东地区海拔最高的县城。浦源镇发挥高山冷凉花卉产业优势，释放“花鲤小镇”旅游平台作用，整合土地2000亩，建成10余个花卉基地，全产业链年产值达2亿元。　　如何让花卉与文旅结合？周宁县林业(花卉)产业发展中心主任叶章锋介绍，他们在花卉基地和鲤鱼溪景区之间建起2.5公里的花卉长廊，种植菊科植物，设计月季花墙景观，形成“景区+花卉大棚”一体化旅游线路，把生产基地升级为集观光、科普、研学于一体的农旅打卡点。　　走进周宁县静宇园艺有限公司(以下简称“静宇园艺”)的多肉种植大棚，色彩缤纷的多肉植物错落摆放，一场当地妇联组织的研学活动正在这里开展。15个亲子家庭围坐在长桌前，一边听老师讲解，一边动手DIY自己的多肉盆景。正在做讲解的张云昌告诉记者，参与者可以按照自己的想法，打造专属的多肉微景观。

七 | 近一年来，静宇园艺已接待研学游客1万人次。　　“我们希望给游客提供‘可带走的风景’。游客在我们这里可以定制多肉造型，体验多肉盆景DIY，还可以在线上向我们询问养护方法。我们不仅是卖给客人一盆多肉，更是卖给大家一份情绪价值。”静宇园艺负责人刘林说。　　一片茶叶、一条黄鱼、一盆多肉，福建各地正以特色产业为圆心，以文旅融合为半径，画出三产融合的更大同心圆。